On April 18, 2022, a meeting was held at the Foreign PolicyResearch Institute with the head of the Center of Scientific and Analytical Information of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences N.D. Plotnikov and asenior expert of this Center M.A. Ushanov.
On April 13, 2022, the Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev met with the Ambassador of Hungary to Kazakhstan Otto Ronа.
On April 11, 2022, Interview of the Chairman of the Board of FPRI to the Chinese TV channel CGTN
On April 7, 2022 senior expert of the Foreign Policy Research Institute Gaukhar Beiseyeva took part in the “round table” on the topic “New Kazakhstan: the Path of Renewal and Modernization”organized by the Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Germany and the German Konrad Adenauer Foundation.
On March 30-31, 2022, Sergey Savelyev, a senior expert of the Foreign Policy Research Institute, took part in the on-line joint conference of the British Pugwash and Pugwash Committee of Kazakhstan.
On March 30, the English-language Kazakh newspaper “Astana Times” published an article by its journalist entitled “Kazakhstan Raises and Sends $7.5 Million in Humanitarian Aid in 2021.”
On March 17, 2022, Deputy Chairman of the Board of the FPRI Manarbek Kabaziyev took part in the conference of the International expert dialogue platform on the topic: “The Paradigm of the Challenges of the New World Order.
On March 15, 2022, a “round table” was held at the Central Communications Service under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the participation of Kazakhstani experts on military-political and legal issues, dedicated to discussing the tragic events of January 2022 in the light of the reports of the Prosecutor General of the RK, the Minister of Internal Affairs of the RK, the Chairman of the Agency on Combating Corruption of the RK and other officials at a plenary session of the Majilis of the Parliament of Kazakhstan on the 14th of March
On March 10, 2022, a meeting was held between the Deputy Chairman of the Board Manarbek Kabaziyev and Chargé d'Affaires Temporary (CHA) - Counselor of the Embassy of Vietnam in Kazakhstan Nguyen Phan Khayem.
On March 3, 2022, the Chairman of the Board of FPRI Bolat Nurgaliyev gave a lecture on the current state of international relations and the priorities of Kazakhstan's foreign policy to the 1st and 2nd year students of the faculty of International Relations of M.Narikbaev Kazakh Humanitarian and Law University- KAZGUU.
On February 21, 2022, the Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev held a briefing for representatives of foreign media who arrived in the capital of Kazakhstan.
On February 15, 2022, the Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev met with the Ambassador of Iran to Kazakhstan Majid Samadzadeh Saber.
On February 12, 2022, Senior fellow of the Foreign Policy Research Institute Sergey Savelyev took part in the international online conference “Technology and Peace” organized by the British Pugwash Committee in cooperation with the University of Leicester.
On February 9, 2022, the Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev was invited to participate as a guest in the TV program "Aitarym bar" of the TV channel "Astana" on the "January events" in our country.
On February 8, 2022, the Deputy Chairman of the Board Manarbek Kabaziyev met with the Second Secretary of the Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Kazakhstan Mr. Kim Hengjin.
On January 27, 2022, S.Savelyev, a senior expert of the Foreign Policy Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan took part in the V th meeting of the Pugwash Committee of Kazakhstan
On January 26, 2022, the Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev met with the Ambassador of Turkmenistan to Kazakhstan Batyr Rejepov.
On January 24, 2022, an online meeting of undergraduates and doctoral students of the Institute of Diplomacy of the Academy of Public Administration with the Deputy Chairman of the Board Manarbek Kabaziyev was held.
On January 15, 2022, the Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev received the correspondent of the French radiostation “France Inter”, Thibault Lefevre.
On January 15, 2022 Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev received the correspondent of the French daily newspaper Le Monde Emmanuel Grynszpan.
On December 28-29, 2021, the 9 th meeting of the Think Tanks Forum of Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia (CICA) was held in the format of a videoconference
On December 27, 2021, the Foreign Policy Research Institute, together with the Consulate General of Kazakhstan in Shanghai, the Shanghai Institute of International Studies (SIIS), with the support of the Embassy of Kazakhstan in China, organized an online international scientific and practical conference on the topic: “Kazakhstan and China: 30 years on the path of friendship , good-neighborliness and cooperation ”.
On December 15, 2021, on the eve of the 30 th anniversary of Kazakhstan's Independence, a ceremonial meeting of FPRI employees was held.
On December 12, 2021, the Public organization “Association of diplomats of Kazakhstan” organized a football tournament on the eve of the 30th anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The FPRI staff members took part in a football tournament and won the 1st place.
On December 8, 2021, Deputy Chairman of the Board of the FPRI Manarbek Kabaziev took part an online round table on the topic "Current State and Prospects for Development of Scientific Cooperation between Italy and Central Asia", which was held within the framework of the second ministerial meeting "Italy-Central Asia" in Tashkent.
On December 3, 2021, at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, a meeting was held with the Deputy Director of the International Institute of Central Asia Bakhtiyor Mustafayev, Head of the Center of the Institute for Strategic and Interregional Studies under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Amir Salyamov, leading specialist of the International Institute of Central Asia Kristina Dzhurakulova, who arrived in Nur-Sultan for participation in joint events with Kazakhstan research structures.
On December 3, 2021, the Chairman of the Board of the FPRI Bolat Nurgaliyev met with the Chief of Political Section of the US Embassy in Nur-Sultan David Allen.
On December 2, 2021, the Chairman of the Board of the FPRI Bolat Nurgaliev online took part in a round table dedicated to the «30 th anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan», organized by the Islamabad Policy Research Institute and the Embassy of Kazakhstan in Pakistan.
On December 2, 2021, Deputy Chairman of the Board of the FPRI Manarbek Kabaziev and the FPRI expert Mukhtar Zhakenov took part in a «round table» dedicated to the «Сurrent state and prospects of the Kazakh-Uzbek strategic partnership». The organizers were the Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the International Institute of Central Asia.
On November 22, 2021, the Head of the FPRI Department of International Organizations and Integration Associations Madina Jarbussynova took part in conference on the topic "Women. World. Security", organized within the framework of the 10 th Forum of the Civil Alliance of Kazakhstan.
On October 28, 2021 participants of a webinar organized jointly with the Polish Institute of International Relations discussed ways of cooperation between Kazakhstan and Poland with regard to Poland's upcoming OSCE chairmanship.
On October 22, 2021, the Head of the FPRI Department of international organizations and integration associations Madina Jarbussynova took part in an online meeting of the Consultative and Advisory Body "Dialogue Platform on Human Dimension" under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
On October 20, 2021 the National Committee on American Foreign Policy (NCAFP), in collaboration with the Consulate General of Kazakhstan in New York organized an on-line seminar “Then and Now: 30 Years of US-Kazakh Relations”.
On October 15, 2021, Madina Jarbussynova, Head of the FPRI Department of international organizations and integration associations took part in the closing ceremony of the national simulation exercises: "Combating human trafficking on migration routes", organized in Almaty from October 11 to 15 this year by the Academy of Law Enforcement Agencies under the Prosecutor General of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Almaty Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the support of the offices of OSCE, UNHCR and the US Embassy in Kazakhstan.
On October 13, 2021, Deputy Chairman of the Board Manarbek Kabaziev held a meeting with the General Director of the British international company in the field of strategic communications "Virtus Worldwide" Alex Clackson.
On October 11, 2021, a briefing was held at Foreign Policy Research Institute with the participation for foreign media journalists from Iran, the UAE, Qatar, Egypt and Malaysia, who had arrived to Nur-Sultan as journalists to cover the 6-th meeting of the Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the CICA.
On September 29, 2021, representatives of the Foreign Policy Research Institute, together with senior officials of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, took part in a «round table» organized by the French Embassy in Kazakhstan on the occasion of the visit to Nur-Sultan of fellows of the Institute for Higher Studies of National Defense of France, as part of the Institute’s program in Kazakhstan within the framework of the 57th training session "Armament and Defense Economics".
On September 30, 2021, Deputy Chairman of the Board Manarbek Kabaziev spoke as a key-note speaker at international “round table” “Inclusive Taliban government - the dilemma of the modern government structure model. Finding a balance." The organizers were the East-West International Center of Geopolitical Projection and the Association of Political Studies of Nur-Sultan city.
On September 29, 2021, Deputy Chairman of the Board Manarbek Kabaziev took part in the online international scientific conference "The Energy Silk Road: Results and Prospects of Oil and Gas Cooperation in Central Asia" organized by the Library of the First President of the RK-Leader of the Nation in cooperation with the Center for Chinese Studies and CNPC International in Kazakhstan.
On September 24, 2021, Manarbek Kabaziev Deputy Chairman of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute took part in an online format of an international scientific and practical conference on the topic: “Kazakhstan-China: 30 years of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Kazakh- Chinese eternal all-round strategic partnership ”, organized by the Embassy of Kazakhstan in China together with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences as part of a series of events dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the independence of our country.
On September 23, 2021, Madina Jarbussynova Head of the FPRI department of international organizations and integration associations, participated in the Central Asian regional consultation meeting organized by the UN Women in cooperation with the Foreign Policy Research Institute under the MFA of RK on the topic "Women. World. Security.».
On September 17, 2021, the «China News Service» information agency published an interview with Bolat Nurgaliev, Chairman of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute and ex-SCO Secretary General (2007-2009), on the occasion of the anniversary SCO summit in Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
On September 17, 2021, Madina Jarbussynova, Head of the FPRI department of international organizations and integration associations, participated in an online «round table» discussion on the topic "Interfaith dialogue for Peace and Harmony" to Geneva in cooperation with the N. Nazarbayev Center for the Development of Interfaith and Intercivilizational Dialogue.
On September 13, 2021, the Chairman of the Board of the FPRI Bolat Nurgaliyev met with the Ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in Nur-Sultan Sajjad Ahmed Sikhar.
On September 7, 2021, in the office of the Secretariat of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA), a presentation was made to the Executive Director of the Secretariat Kairat Sarybai and a group of the Secretariat's employees of the analytical review "Opportunities for cooperation of the CICA countries in accordance with regional strategic agreements" written by the FPRI under the MFA of RK and requested by the CICA Secretariat.
On the occasion of the “30th anniversary of the closure of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site” on August 27, 2021, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan organized a briefing for representatives of 16 media outlets
Shanghai, August 26, 2021 – As part of further development of scientific cooperation between Kazakhstan and China, Chairman of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan (FPRI under the MFA RK) Bolat Nurgaliyev and President of the Shanghai Institutes of International Studies (SIIS) Chen Dongxiao signed a Memorandum of Understanding between the FPRI and SIIS during an online meeting.
On August 26, 2021, Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev attended on the eve of the XIX Meeting of the Secretariat of the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, an online «round table» on the topic “Interfaith and intercivilizational dialogue for the Sake of Peace and Harmony”.
Chairman of the Board B. Nurgaliyev received Mehmoud Ul Hassan Khan, a Pakistani political researcher and member of the Expert council of the Pakistan Institute of Global Policy and Analytical Research
On August 23, 2021, the Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev met in the Institute with the newly arrived Ambassador of India to Kazakhstan Mrs.Shubdarshini Tripati.
On August 19, 2021, an International round table dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the closure of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site was held in an online format.
On August 18, 2021, Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev took part in an online international conference on the topic: "Interrelation of Central and South Asia: preconditions, prospects, geostrategic significance".
On July 15, 2021 by way of preparation to the 30th anniversary of the establishment of Kazakh-American diplomatic relations the US Embassy in Kazakhstan put on its website a documentary based on interviews with current and former Ambassadors of the United States to Kazakhstan and of Kazakhstan to the USA.
On July15-16, 2021, S.Savelyev, a senior expert of the Foreign Policy Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, took part in the“Strengthening Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament Verification Capacities” workshop organized by the International Science and Technology Center in cooperation with the British Verification Research, Training and Information Center (VERTIC).
On July 14, 2021, an international scientific and practical conference on the topic "Regional security in Asia in the context of preventing new challenges and threats" was convined in an online format within the framework of Kazakhstan's chairmanship in the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA).
On the eve of the Day of the Diplomatic Service of the RK Bolat Nurgaliyev gave an interview to the "Khabar 24" TV channel.
On July 2, 2021, on the occasion of the Day of the Diplomatic Service of the Republic of Kazakhstan Chairman of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Bolat Nurgaliyev while congratulating colleagues on their professional holiday noted the well-coordinated work of the Institute's staff and their contribution to improving the analytical support of the country's Foreign Ministry.
Chairman of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute and former (2007-2009)SCO Secretary General Bolat Nurgaliyevmade an online welcoming speech at the international conference "Twenty Years of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Looking Back and into the Future", which began on June 24, 2021, in honor of the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
On June 21, 2021, Deputy Chair of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan Manarbek Kabaziyev gave an interview to the "Khabar 24" channel, in which he commented on the new National Security Strategy for 2021-2025, signed by the Head of State K.Tokayev.
On June 13, 2021, the «Xinhua» information agency published an interview with the Chairman of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute and former SCO Secretary General (2007-2009) Bolat Nurgaliyev, dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
On June 13, 2021, the republican TV channel «Khabar» released a documentary film dedicated to the history of solving the issues of demarcation of the state borders of our country and the current problems of the border regions of Kazakhstan called "Our land: on the controversial issues of the undisputed territories of Kazakhstan", prepared by the program "Investigative Journalism Department".
On June 11, 2021, the International Round Table "The Historical Miracle of China" dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China was held in an online format.
On June 4, 2021 Chairman of the Board B. Nurgaliyev met with Ambassador of the Republic of Austria to Kazakhstan Willy Kempel. During the conversation, the Austrian Ambassador was informed about the activities of the Institute.
On June 3, 2021 Chairman of the Board Bolat Nurgaliyev met with Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Pakistan in Kazakhstan Sajjad Ahmad Sehar.
On June 3, 2021, Foreign Policy Research Institute hosted a meeting between Chairman of the Board of the FPRI Bolat Nurgaliyev and Executive Director of the Secretariat of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measure in Asia (CICA) Kairat Sarybay.
On April 6, 2021, Memorandum of Cooperation was signed between Chairman of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan Bolat Nurgaliyev and Chairman of the Board of the N.Nazarbayev Center for Development of Interfaith and Intercivilization Dialogue Bolat Sarsembayev.
On May 25, 2021 in Seoul, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between the Foreign Policy Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the South Korean Asan Institute for Policy Studies.
On May 25, 2021, an online seminar "Success Story. 30th anniversary of Kazakhstan's Statehood and Challenges for Future Relations between Kazakhstan and Poland" was organized jointly by the Warsaw M. Boym Institute and the Embassy of Kazakhstan in Poland.
On May 19, 2021, S.Savelyev, a senior expert of the Foreign Policy Research Institute under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, took part in the seminar "Current Issues and Challenges of International Humanitarian Law", organized by the International Committee of the Red Cross.
On April 19 of 2021, the third meeting of the Working Group (WG) on the Chairmanship of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Bureau of the Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes was held.
On April 15, 2021, Chairman of the Foreign Policy Research Institute Board Bolat Nurgaliyev met with Aigul Kosherbayeva, Vice-Rector for Strategic Development, Research and International Cooperation of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
On April 6, 2021, Memorandum of Understanding was signed between the Foreign Policy Research Institute of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Institute for Foreign Affairs and Trade of Hungary within the framework of the official visit of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Hungary Péter Szijjártó to Kazakhstan.
On April 2, 2021, Deputy Chair of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute Manarbek Kabaziyev gave an interview for the "7 Kun" program (7 days) of the Khabar channel under the topic "Eastern Vector" about relations between Kazakhstan and China.
On the 24th of February, 2021 Deputy Chair of the Board of at the Foreign Policy Research Institute Bolat Nurgaliyev met with the the Head of Konrad Adenauer Foundation Office in Kazakhstan Johannes D.Rey.
On 19th of February, 2021 at the Embassy of India in Nur-Sultan Deputy Chair of the Board of "FPRI" JSC Bolat Nurgaliyev met with the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of India Prabhat Kumar.
Water is the most valuable resource on the planet. For Central Asia, this resource is an important natural and geographical factor that forms the region as a single system.
On February 10, 2021 on-line conference “30-th Anniversary of US-Kazakh Diplomatic Relations” was organized by Central Asia Program, Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies of the George Washington University.
On January 28, 2021, Sergey Savelyev, a senior expert of the Institute for Foreign Policy Research, took part on-line in the 4th meeting of the Pugwash Committee of Kazakhstan.
On the 14-th of January, 2021 Washington Center on Strategic Risks organized an on-line workshop “A Nuclear-Only Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces Treaty: Concepts and International Considerations”.
Nur-Sultan, December 25, 2020 - The wrap-up meeting of the "Foreign Policy Research Institute"JSC ("FPRI" JSC) on the results of work in 2020, attended by Deputy Chairman of the Senate of the Parliament of Kazakhstan Askar Shakirov, the Head of the Board of Directors of the Institute, and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan Mukhtar Tleuberdi took place today.
On December 14 of current year, the second meeting of the Working Group on the chairmanship of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Bureau of the Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes was held.
On December 9 of the current year, Head of the Department of "International Organizations and Integration Associations" of the Foreign Policy Research Insitute M. Jarbussynova took part in the international scientific and practical online conference called "Nazarbayev's model: Strategic cooperation and Global dialogue", organized by the Library of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan-Elbasy.
The Swedish Riksdag has for the first time established an Association of Friendship with the parliaments of Central Asia. This important step by Swedish politicians is aimed at creating a space for dialogue that will help strengthen the multifaceted relations between this largest Scandinavian country and the vast Central Asian region.
On 13th of November Secretary-corporate of JSC "Foreign Policy Research Institute" Osman Dossov took part in the Second meeting of the Club of young experts in the Senate of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The event was dedicated to the topic: "Digital challenges of the modern World and the national agenda".
Head of the Department of "International Organizations and Integration Associations" of FPRI JSC M. Jarbussynova took part in the international interparty Forum SCO+ on the topic "Economy for people", organized by the CEC of the United Russia party and held via videoconference on October 22-23 this year.
On October 28th 2020, the Dutch-Kazakhstani Business Association (NKBA) held a webinar on the topic “Water Problems in Kazakhstan” (https://nkba.nl/news).
On October 21, 2020, Sergey Savelyev, a senior expert of the Foreign Policy Research Institute, took part in the online seminar "Biotechnology in Kazakhstan: global challenges during a pandemic", organized by the Pugwash Committee of Kazakhstan.
Research fellows of the Institute of Foreign Policy Research Ambassador Madina Jarbussynova and senior expert Sergey Savelyev took part in the 21st colloquium "NEW TECHNOLOGIES ON THE BATTLEFIELD: Friend or Foe?". The colloquium was held under the auspices of the International Committee of the Red Cross and the College of Europe.
As part of the competitive selection for participation in the 20th international school of the PIR center (Russian political searches) "Global security challenges and strengthening cooperation in the Eurasian space", one of the winners was Osman Dosov, Corporate Secretary of the "Foreign Policy Research Institute" JSC.
On September 28 of this year the webinar "New Silk Road Forum V" was held at the site of the Swiss chamber of commerce "Joint Chambers of commerce "Switzerland - CIS" with the support of the Embassy of Kazakhstan in Switzerland.
Within the framework of the agreements on expanding partnerships and cooperation in the research field, the Institute of Central Asia and the Caucasus at Johns Hopkins University (USA, Maryland), through the Embassy of Kazakhstan in Washington, donated to the Foreign Policy Research Institute (FPRI) about 200 copies of publications on the problems of the Central Asian and Caucasian regions.
September 4, 2020, the third expert discussion with representatives of state authorities organized by the Elbasy Academy of "Nursultan Nazarbayev Foundation" took place in an online format.
On July 8, 2020, a one-hour round table entitled «Kazakhstan beyond the headlines: One Year of Mr. Tokayev's Presidency» was held online at the Washington Institute for Central Asia and the Caucasus (ICAC) under the American Foreign Policy Council.
The strategic Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) of China has a truly global significance and far-reaching geopolitical implications. “Belt” is the “Economic Silk Road” that links China with the Eurasian continent, Africa and the Middle East by the road, railway lines and fiber-optic communication lines by land, while “Road” is “21st Century Maritime Silk Road” that links China with distant markets and raw materials of the area between Arctic and Indian, Pacific and Atlantic oceans by water.
On February 12, 2020, the Chairman of the Governing Board of the "Foreign Policy Researches Institute" JSC (Institute) Ambassador Aiymdos Bozzhigitov held a meeting with the heads of structural divisions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The parties had a thorough exchange of views on the most relevant issues of international and regional agenda and Kazakhstan's foreign policy priorities.
Modern international relations are undoubtedly undergoing a transition period, which is associated with the active process of forming a new polycentric global governance system. The upheavals taking place in the world today indicate a change of historical eras. Under these circumstances, understanding the prospects for global development and analyzing key trends in international affairs are of particular strategic importance for sustainable development and prosperity of any state.
On December 4, 2019 in Nur Sultan, the Chairman of the Board of the Foreign Policy Research Institute of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan H.E. Dr. Aiymdos Bozzhigitov held a meeting with the Ambassador of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan H.E. Mr. Yousef Abdelgani.
On November 27, 2019 Nur-Sultan hosted the International Parliamentary Conference "Institute of the Presidency: the Kazakhstan Model”, organized by the Mazhilis of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan dedicated to the Day of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.